Hyperkalemia-
definition-
Potassium level is higher than normal or above 5 mEq/L.
Causes-
* Medication ( NSAID / ACE inhibitors )
* Acidosis ( Respiratory and metabolic )
* Cellular destruction ( Burn , traumatic injury )
* Inadequate intake
* kidney failure
* Excretion impaired
Sign and Symptoms-
* Muscle weakness
* Urinary problem ( oliguria , anuria )
* Respiratory distress* Decreased cardiac contractility
* ECG changes
* Reflexes changes ( Hyperreflexia , areflexia )
Treatment-
* Reduce dietary potassium
* Insulin therapy ( 10-15 unit of regular insulin with 50ml of 50% dextrose to prevent hypoglycemia )will lead to a shift of potassium ions into cells.
* Bicarbonate therapy
* Salbutamol by nebulization Ex. 10 to 20 ml.( this drug lowers blood level of potasssium by promoting its movement into cells )
* Hemodialysis or hemofiltration in severe condition.
* Diuretics Ex. furosemide.
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Very Useful information. Thanks for sharing this article
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